3GPP TS 23.256 技术报告-无人机系统（UAS）的连接、识别和跟踪
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这份文件是3GPP TS 23.256 V18.3.0技术规范，专注于3GPP系统对无人机的全面支持。文件定义了无人机的认证、授权及跟踪流程，确保操作安全合规。列出了关键术语、缩写和参考文档，提供了详细的架构模型，展示了无人机在5G和EPS中的集成方式。 文件描述了功能实体如UAS NF、AMF、SMF等在支持无人机中的作用及其交互。重点介绍了无人机的认证授权（UUAA）流程，包括注册和PDU会话建立过程。同时，定义了C2通信的授权流程，保障无人机与控制器间安全通信。 此外，提出了无人机跟踪模式、直接C2通信机制、广播远程识别（BRID）和探测与避障（DAA）机制，增强了无人机的安全性和避障能力。A2X服务章节定义了通信架构、授权、参数配置和QoS处理，支持无人机在复杂环境中的高效通信。 总之，这份技术规范为无人机在3GPP系统中的集成、操作和安全提供了全面的技术指导和实现框架。
3GPP TS 23.256 V18.3.0 (2024-06)
Technical Specification
3rd Generation Partnership Project;
Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects;
Support of Uncrewed Aerial Systems (UAS) connectivity,
identification and tracking; Stage 2
(Release 18)
The present document has been developed within the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP
TM
) and may be further elaborated for the purposes of 3GPP.
The present document has not been subject to any approval process by the 3GPP
Organizational Partners and shall not be implemented.
This Specification is provided for future development work within 3GPP
only. The Organizational Partners accept no liability for any use of this Specification.
Specifications and Reports for implementation of the 3GPP
TM
system should be obtained via the 3GPP Organizational Partners' Publications Offices.
3GPP
3GPP TS 23.256 V18.3.0 (2024-06)
2
Release 18
3GPP
Postal address
3GPP support office address
650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis
Valbonne - FRANCE
Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16
Internet
http://www.3gpp.org
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© 2024, 3GPP Organizational Partners (ARIB, ATIS, CCSA, ETSI, TSDSI, TTA, TTC).
All rights reserved.
UMTS™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its members
3GPP™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners
LTE™ is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners
GSM® and the GSM logo are registered and owned by the GSM Association
3GPP
3GPP TS 23.256 V18.3.0 (2024-06)
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Contents
Foreword .............................................................................................................................................................7
1 Scope.........................................................................................................................................................9
2 References.................................................................................................................................................9
3 Definitions and abbreviations .................................................................................................................10
3.1 Definitions .........................................................................................................................................................10
3.2 Abbreviations.....................................................................................................................................................12
4 Architecture model and concepts............................................................................................................13
4.1 General concept .................................................................................................................................................13
4.2 Architectural reference model ...........................................................................................................................13
4.2.1 General.........................................................................................................................................................13
4.2.1.1 Support for general UAV features .........................................................................................................13
4.2.1.2 Void........................................................................................................................................................15
4.2.2 Logical UAV Reference Architecture..........................................................................................................15
4.2.3 5GS Non-roaming Reference Architecture..................................................................................................17
4.2.4 5GS Roaming Reference Architecture.........................................................................................................18
4.2.4A Void..............................................................................................................................................................19
4.2.5 Service-based interfaces...............................................................................................................................19
4.2.6 Reference points...........................................................................................................................................20
4.3 Functional entities..............................................................................................................................................20
4.3.1 General.........................................................................................................................................................20
4.3.2 UAS NF .......................................................................................................................................................20
4.3.3 UAV.............................................................................................................................................................20
4.3.4 AMF.............................................................................................................................................................21
4.3.5 SMF..............................................................................................................................................................21
4.3.6 SMF+PGW-C ..............................................................................................................................................22
4.3.7 PCF ..............................................................................................................................................................22
4.3.8 UDM ............................................................................................................................................................22
4.3.9 A2X Application Server ..............................................................................................................................22
4.3.10 UDR .............................................................................................................................................................22
4.3.11 NRF..............................................................................................................................................................22
4.4 High level function ............................................................................................................................................23
4.4.1 Service Operations .......................................................................................................................................23
4.4.1.1 NEF Services..........................................................................................................................................23
4.4.1.1.1 General..............................................................................................................................................23
4.4.1.1.2 Nnef_Authentication service ............................................................................................................23
4.4.1.2 AF Services ............................................................................................................................................24
4.4.1.2.1 General..............................................................................................................................................24
4.4.1.2.2 Naf_Authentication service ..............................................................................................................24
4.4.1.3 AMF Services.........................................................................................................................................25
4.4.1.4 SMF Services .........................................................................................................................................25
4.4.1.5 UDM Services ........................................................................................................................................25
4.4.1.6 LMF Services .........................................................................................................................................25
4.4.1.7 GMLC Services......................................................................................................................................25
4.4.1.8 UDR Services.........................................................................................................................................25
4.4.1.9 PCF Services ..........................................................................................................................................25
4.4.2 USS Discovery.............................................................................................................................................25
4.4.3 CAA-Level UAV ID Assignment................................................................................................................26
4.5 Identifiers...........................................................................................................................................................27
4.5.1 General.........................................................................................................................................................27
4.5.2 CAA-Level UAV Identity............................................................................................................................27
4.5.3 3GPP UAV ID .............................................................................................................................................27
5 Functional description and information flows ........................................................................................27
5.1 Control and user plane stacks ............................................................................................................................27
5.2 UAV Authentication and Authorization............................................................................................................27
5.2.1 UUAA Model...............................................................................................................................................27
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5.2.2 UUAA at Registration in 5GS (UUAA-MM)..............................................................................................28
5.2.2.1 General ...................................................................................................................................................28
5.2.2.2 UUAA-MM Procedure...........................................................................................................................31
5.2.3 UUAA At PDN Connection/PDU Session Establishment (UUAA-SM) ....................................................33
5.2.3.1 General ...................................................................................................................................................33
5.2.3.2 USS UAV Authorization/Authentication (UUAA) during the PDU Session Establishment ................34
5.2.3.3 USS UAV Authorization/Authentication (UUAA) during default PDN connection at Attach.............36
5.2.3.4 USS UAV Authorization/Authentication (UUAA) using UE requested PDN connectivity
procedure................................................................................................................................................38
5.2.4 UUAA Re-authentication and Re-authorization by USS/UTM...................................................................39
5.2.4.1 UAV Re-authentication procedure in 5GS.............................................................................................39
5.2.4.2 UAV Re-authentication procedure in EPS.............................................................................................40
5.2.4.3 USS initiated UAV Re-authorization procedure in 5GS........................................................................41
5.2.4.4 USS initiated UAV Re-authorization procedure in EPS........................................................................42
5.2.5 Authorization for C2 over Uu ......................................................................................................................43
5.2.5.1 General ...................................................................................................................................................43
5.2.5.2 Procedure for C2 authorization in 5GS ..................................................................................................43
5.2.5.2.1 C2 Authorization request during UUAA-SM procedure in 5GS .....................................................43
5.2.5.2.2 UE initiated PDU Session Modification for C2 Communication.....................................................44
5.2.5.2.3 UE initiated PDU Session Establishment for C2 Communication...................................................45
5.2.5.3 Procedure for C2 authorization in EPS ..................................................................................................47
5.2.5.3.0 C2 Authorization request during UUAA-SM procedure in EPS......................................................47
5.2.5.3.1 UE requested PDN connectivity for C2 authorization .....................................................................48
5.2.5.3.2 UE requested bearer resource modification of an existing PDN connection for C2
authorization .....................................................................................................................................49
5.2.5.4 USS initiated C2 pairing policy configuration.......................................................................................51
5.2.5.4.1 USS initiated C2 pairing policy configuration in 5GS .....................................................................51
5.2.5.4.2 USS initiated C2 pairing policy configuration in EPS .....................................................................52
5.2.6 Void..............................................................................................................................................................53
5.2.7 UUAA Revocation by USS/UTM ...............................................................................................................53
5.2.8 UAV Controller Replacement......................................................................................................................54
5.2.8.1 UAV controller replacement in 5GS......................................................................................................54
5.2.8.2 UAV controller replacement in EPS ......................................................................................................55
5.2.9 Revocation of C2 Connectivity....................................................................................................................56
5.2.9.1 Revocation of C2 connectivity in 5GS...................................................................................................56
5.2.9.2 Revocation of C2 connectivity in EPS...................................................................................................57
5.3 UAV Tracking ...................................................................................................................................................58
5.3.1 UAV Tracking Model ..................................................................................................................................58
5.3.1.1 UAV Location Reporting Mode.............................................................................................................59
5.3.1.2 UAV Presence Monitoring Mode ..........................................................................................................59
5.3.1.3 List of Aerial UEs in a geographic area .................................................................................................59
5.3.2 Procedure for UAV location reporting.........................................................................................................59
5.3.3 Procedure for UAV presence monitoring ....................................................................................................60
5.3.4 Procedure for obtaining list of Aerial UEs in a geographic area .................................................................62
5.4 Direct C2 Communication.................................................................................................................................63
5.4.1 General.........................................................................................................................................................63
5.4.2 Authorization policy for A2X Direct C2 Communication service ..............................................................63
5.4.3 Procedure for C2 authorization by the USS for using the A2X Direct C2 Communication service...........63
5.4.3.1 General ...................................................................................................................................................63
5.4.3.2 Authorization of Direct C2 Communication service via UUAA-MM...................................................63
5.4.3.3 Authorization of Direct C2 Communication service via UUAA-SM ....................................................64
5.4.4 Procedure for Direct C2 Communication establishment .............................................................................65
5.5 Broadcast Remote ID.........................................................................................................................................65
5.5.1 Broadcast Remote ID using PC5 .................................................................................................................65
5.5.2 Broadcast Remote ID using MBS................................................................................................................66
5.5.2.1 Policy/Parameter provisioning ...............................................................................................................66
5.5.2.2 Broadcast Remote ID reception via MBS ..............................................................................................66
5.5.2.3 QoS handling..........................................................................................................................................66
5.5.2.4 MBS service area mapping ....................................................................................................................66
5.6 Mechanisms for Detect and Avoid (DAA)........................................................................................................66
5.6.1 Mechanisms for Detect and Avoid (DAA) based on PC5 ...........................................................................66
5.7 Ground-based DAA for an Area........................................................................................................................68
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5.7.1 Functional Description.................................................................................................................................68
5.7.2 Procedures....................................................................................................................................................70
5.8 Void ...................................................................................................................................................................71
5.9 Void ...................................................................................................................................................................71
5.10 Void ...................................................................................................................................................................71
5.11 Void ...................................................................................................................................................................71
6 Aircraft-to-Everything (A2X) services...................................................................................................72
6.1 Architecture model and concepts.......................................................................................................................72
6.1.1 General concept............................................................................................................................................72
6.1.2 Architectural reference model......................................................................................................................73
6.1.2.1 PC5 and Uu based A2X architecture reference model...........................................................................73
6.1.2.1.1 Non-roaming 5G System architecture for A2X communication over PC5 and Uu reference
points ................................................................................................................................................73
6.1.2.1.2 Roaming 5G System architecture for A2X communication over PC5 and Uu reference points .....73
6.1.2.1.3 Inter-PLMN 5G System architecture for A2X communication over PC5 reference point ..............73
6.1.2.2 AF-based service parameter provisioning for A2X communication......................................................73
6.1.2.3 MBS for Uu based A2X architecture reference model ..........................................................................74
6.1.2.4 Reference points.....................................................................................................................................74
6.1.2.5 Service-based interfaces.........................................................................................................................74
6.1.3 Functional entities........................................................................................................................................74
6.2 High level functionality and features.................................................................................................................74
6.2.1 Authorization and Provisioning for A2X communications .........................................................................74
6.2.1.1 General ...................................................................................................................................................74
6.2.1.2 Authorization and Provisioning for A2X communications over PC5 reference point...........................74
6.2.1.2.1 Policy/Parameter provisioning .........................................................................................................74
6.2.1.2.2 Principles for applying parameters for A2X communications over PC5 reference point ................75
6.2.1.3 Authorization and Provisioning for A2X communications over Uu reference point.............................75
6.2.1.3.1 Policy/Parameter provisioning .........................................................................................................75
6.2.2 A2X communication....................................................................................................................................75
6.2.2.1 A2X communication over PC5 reference point .....................................................................................75
6.2.2.1.1 General..............................................................................................................................................75
6.2.2.1.2 Broadcast mode communication over PC5 reference point .............................................................75
6.2.2.1.3 Unicast mode communication over PC5 reference point .................................................................76
6.2.2.1.4 IP address allocation.........................................................................................................................76
6.2.2.2 A2X communication over Uu reference point .......................................................................................76
6.2.2.2.1 A2X communication via unicast ......................................................................................................76
6.2.2.2.2 A2X reception via MBS ...................................................................................................................76
6.2.3 A2X Application Server discovery..............................................................................................................76
6.2.4 QoS handling for A2X communication .......................................................................................................76
6.2.4.1 QoS handling for A2X communication over PC5 reference point ........................................................76
6.2.4.2 QoS handling for A2X communication over Uu reference point ..........................................................77
6.2.5 Subscription to A2X service ........................................................................................................................77
6.2.6 Identifiers .....................................................................................................................................................78
6.2.6.1 Identifiers for A2X communication over PC5 reference point ..............................................................78
6.2.7 Interworking between EPS A2X and 5GS A2X ..........................................................................................78
6.2.7.1 A2X Policy and parameter provisioning................................................................................................78
6.2.7.2 PC5 operation.........................................................................................................................................78
6.2.8 MBS Service Description for A2X use........................................................................................................78
6.3 Functional description and information flows...................................................................................................78
6.3.1 Control and user plane stacks for NR PC5 reference point supporting A2X services.................................78
6.3.1.1 User plane for PC5 reference point supporting A2X services ...............................................................78
6.3.1.2 Control plane for NR PC5 reference point supporting A2X services ....................................................79
6.3.2 Procedures for A2X service authorization and provisioning to UE.............................................................79
6.3.2.1 General ...................................................................................................................................................79
6.3.2.2 PCF based A2X Service Authorization and Provisioning to UE ...........................................................79
6.3.2.3 Procedure for UE triggered A2X Policy provisioning ...........................................................................80
6.3.2.4 AF-based service parameter provisioning for A2X communications over control plane......................81
6.3.3 Procedures for A2X communication over PC5 reference point ..................................................................81
6.3.3.1 Broadcast mode A2X communication over NR PC5 reference point....................................................81
6.3.3.2 Unicast mode A2X communication over PC5 reference point ..............................................................81
6.3.4 Procedures for A2X communication over Uu reference point ....................................................................81
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